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Multi-Agent Web Crawler: An Intelligent Web Crawler with Five Collaborative Agents

A multi-agent web crawler system built on a workflow of 5 AI Agents (Architect, Crawler, Indexer, Search, UI). It uses the Token Bucket algorithm for rate limiting, SQLite WAL mode to support real-time search, and provides a real-time SPA dashboard.

Multi-Agent Web Crawler网页爬虫Token BucketSQLite WALTF-IDF实时搜索Flask多Agent架构速率限制
Published 2026-04-16 20:15Recent activity 2026-04-16 20:28Estimated read 3 min
Multi-Agent Web Crawler: An Intelligent Web Crawler with Five Collaborative Agents
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Section 01

Introduction / Main Floor: Multi-Agent Web Crawler: An Intelligent Web Crawler with Five Collaborative Agents

A multi-agent web crawler system built on a workflow of 5 AI Agents (Architect, Crawler, Indexer, Search, UI). It uses the Token Bucket algorithm for rate limiting, SQLite WAL mode to support real-time search, and provides a real-time SPA dashboard.

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Section 02

Background: Limitations of Traditional Crawlers

Traditional web crawlers usually adopt a single-process, linear execution mode and face several common challenges: lack of intelligent page parsing, inability to perform real-time searches, difficulty in handling rate limits gracefully, and state persistence issues. These problems are particularly prominent in scenarios requiring large-scale, sustainable crawlers.

The Multi-Agent Web Crawler adopts a new architectural approach—breaking down the crawler system into 5 specialized Agents, each responsible for specific duties, collaborating to complete complex crawling and search tasks.

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Section 03

Five-Agent Collaborative Architecture

The core innovation of the system lies in breaking down the crawler workflow into 5 specialized Agents:

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Section 04

Architect Agent

Responsible for the overall system architecture design and coordination, defining interfaces and data flows between Agents.

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Section 05

Crawler Agent

Performs actual web crawling tasks, manages URL queues and crawling strategies.

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Section 06

Indexer Agent

Parses, tokenizes, and indexes the crawled content to build searchable data structures.

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Section 07

Search Agent

Handles search queries, performs TF-IDF scoring, and sorts results.

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Section 08

UI Agent

Provides a real-time SPA dashboard to display crawling status and search results.

This multi-agent architecture gives the system better modularity and scalability—each Agent can be optimized independently, collaborating to complete complex tasks.