Fine-grained Sentiment Analysis System for Large Language Models: New Exploration of ABSA Technology

This article introduces an aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) system designed specifically for large language models (LLMs), exploring the combination of traditional sentiment analysis techniques with modern LLM capabilities to achieve more precise text sentiment understanding. The project is maintained by chtr302, sourced from the GitHub project ai-absa, released on 2026-06-12, original link: https://github.com/chtr302/ai-absa.

Sentiment analysis technology has gone through stages of dictionary rules, machine learning, and deep learning, but traditional methods can only judge overall sentiment and cannot locate specific aspects. Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) addresses this limitation and requires completing three subtasks: 1. Aspect extraction (explicit/implicit object features); 2. Opinion word extraction (sentiment vocabulary); 3. Aspect-level sentiment classification (sentiment polarity of different aspects).

Traditional ABSA requires a large amount of labeled data, while LLMs have zero-shot/few-shot learning capabilities, bringing new opportunities to ABSA. The advantages of LLMs include: context understanding ability (capturing long-distance dependencies and identifying implicit aspects); reasoning ability (chain-of-thought to infer implicit emotional relationships); unified multi-task processing (no need to train separate models for subtasks).

Building an LLM-oriented ABSA system needs to consider: 1. Prompt engineering (carefully designing input prompts, including few-shot examples and standardized output formats); 2. Post-processing verification (parsing LLM outputs to solve format inconsistencies and hallucination issues); 3. Performance-cost balance (optimization strategies such as model quantization and distillation).

ABSA has important value in multiple domains: in e-commerce, understanding consumers' feedback on various product dimensions; in public opinion monitoring, identifying differences in public attitudes towards different aspects of policies/events; in customer service, automatically classifying and routing feedback to improve response efficiency. The maturity of LLM technology will drive progress in ABSA's accuracy, coverage, and real-time performance.

This project represents an exploration direction of integrating sentiment analysis with cutting-edge AI, focusing on the optimized design of LLMs in ABSA tasks. We look forward to more research and practical results on LLMs in fine-grained sentiment understanding in the future.