Intelligent Plant Disease Detection System Based on MobileNetV2

The MobileNetV2-based intelligent plant disease detection system is an end-to-end web application that combines lightweight deep learning models with a modern interface, aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency in plant disease identification in agricultural production. The project uses the MobileNetV2 network (trained with the TensorFlow framework), Flask to build web services, integrates a disease knowledge base to provide diagnostic recommendations, and has advantages such as low deployment cost and fast inference speed. It is an open-source project (GitHub address: https://github.com/SayanD49/Plant-Disease-Detection-System).

Global food security faces challenges such as climate change, pests and diseases. Traditional manual disease identification relies on expert experience, which is inefficient and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. With the maturity of deep learning technology, computer vision has been increasingly applied in the agricultural field, and this system is exactly the practice of combining AI technology with agricultural needs.

System Architecture: End-to-end design, core components include MobileNetV2 image classification model, Flask RESTful API service layer, modern front-end interface, and disease information knowledge base. The layered architecture has clear responsibilities and is easy to maintain. MobileNetV2 Selection: Due to the needs of edge computing scenarios, MobileNetV2 proposed by Google in 2018 was chosen. Its inverted residual structure, linear bottleneck, and depthwise separable convolution significantly reduce the number of parameters and computational load while maintaining high accuracy, making it suitable for deployment on ordinary servers or edge devices with fast inference and small size. Flask Service: Responsible for image upload processing, model call orchestration, API response formatting, static file service, etc., supporting independent development and deployment of front-end and back-end.

The system's inference flow is rigorous:

1. Image Preprocessing: Standardize the uploaded image to 224x224 pixels, normalize pixel values to match the distribution of training data;
2. Model Inference: Input to MobileNetV2 to output category probability distribution, take the category with the highest probability and its confidence;
3. Result Enhancement: Integrate the knowledge base to provide disease description, causes, transmission routes, and treatment plans, improving practical value.

Dataset: Use the public PlantVillage dataset, containing more than 50,000 labeled images covering 38 crop disease categories. Training Strategy: Adopt the transfer learning paradigm, starting from the ImageNet pre-trained MobileNetV2, replace the top classifier to adapt to disease categories, apply data augmentation such as rotation, flip, and brightness adjustment to improve generalization ability, and use early stopping mechanism to prevent overfitting, shortening training time and improving performance.

Typical Application Scenarios:

• Agricultural consulting services: Farmers upload leaf images to get instant diagnostic recommendations;
• Field monitoring: Integrate drones/robots to achieve large-area automated inspection;
• Research assistance: A fast preliminary screening tool for plant pathology research. Future Expansion Directions:
• Multimodal fusion: Combine meteorological and soil information to improve accuracy;
• Edge deployment: Deploy the optimized model to mobile phones/embedded devices;
• Incremental learning: Support user feedback to continuously improve the model.

This open-source project demonstrates the transformation of deep learning results into practical agricultural tools. Through the selection of lightweight networks, concise architecture design, and integration of domain knowledge, it builds a deployable and scalable intelligent diagnostic system. It provides a complete reference for AI application developers (from model training to web deployment), proving that the value of technological innovation lies not only in algorithm accuracy but also in the ability to solve real problems, reflecting the significance of technological inclusiveness.